Epinephrine
As of the edition of 20 October 2026, Epinephrine is a small molecule: marketed, first approved in 1951 (CA); acts on ADRA1A, ADRA1B and ADRA1D and 6 more.
Sources: FDA Orange Book and Purple Book, other approval registers, ClinicalTrials.gov, ChEMBL.
The drug
- Status
- Marketed; latest approval 2026
- Kind
- Small molecule
- Brand name
- Xylocaine W/ Epinephrine
- First approved
- 31 December 1951 (CA)
- Approvals on record
- 94 in 8 regions
- Holder of the most recent approval
- Baxter Healthcare; 32 holders in all
- Registered trials
- 272, 24 stopped early
- Disease areas
- Lungs and airways; Nervous system; Heart and blood vessels; Immune system; Bones, joints and muscles; Injuries
US protection
No US approval on record.
With no US approval on record there are no listed US patents or exclusivities.
This is the US only.
Companies that need a new molecule because of this drug
23 company-target rows on route B because of this drug.
Companies on route B for this drug
In the product23 company-target rows are on route B because of Epinephrine.
See the 23 company-target rows on route B for this drug, with the facts behind eachRequest access. Nothing is shown until you do.
Targets
| Gene | Protein | UniProt |
|---|---|---|
| ADRB2 | Beta-2 adrenergic receptor | P07550 |
| ADRB1 | Beta-1 adrenergic receptor | P08588 |
| ADRA2A | Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor | P08913 |
| ADRB3 | Beta-3 adrenergic receptor | P13945 |
| ADRA2B | Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor | P18089 |
| ADRA2C | Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor | P18825 |
| ADRA1D | Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor | P25100 |
| ADRA1A | Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor | P35348 |
| ADRA1B | Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor | P35368 |
Registered trials
| Phase | Trials | Completed | Active | Stopped early |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Phase not stated | 87 | 54 | 8 | 7 |
| Phase 1 | 21 | 12 | 3 | 3 |
| Phase 2 | 35 | 20 | 8 | 1 |
| Phase 3 | 34 | 22 | 6 | 3 |
| Phase 4 | 95 | 64 | 9 | 10 |
| All trials | 272 |
Who has held its approvals
| Company | Role | Years |
|---|---|---|
| Viatris | Acquired holder | 1980 to now |
| Pfizer | Acquired holder and Later holder | 1987 to now |
| Sterling Health | Acquired holder | 2003 to now |
| Amphastar Pharmaceuticals | Later holder and Lead sponsor of trials | 2010 to now |
| Endo | Later holder | 2012 to now |
| Ph Health | Later holder | 2012 to now |
| Kaleo | Acquired holder | 2016 to now |
| Adamis Pharmaceuticals | Later holder | 2017 to now |
| Amneal Pharmaceuticals | Acquired holder | 2019 to now |
| Bpi | Acquired holder | 2022 to now |
| Ars Pharmaceuticals | Later holder | 2024 to now |
| ALK-Abelló A/S | Applicant | 2024 to now |
| Baxter Healthcare | Later holder | 2025 to now |
| Fresenius Kabi | Later holder | 2025 to now |
| 3M | Later holder | |
| Actavis | Applicant |